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LOUIS FAIDHERBE
Louis Faidherbe
Louis Léon César FAIDHERBE was born in 1818 at Lille, France. He received his military education at the "Ecole Polytechnique" of Paris and entered the Engineers ; from 1842 to 1847 he served in Algeria, in 1848 and 1849 in the French West Indies (Guadeloupe) then again in Algeria from 1849 to 1852.
In 1852 he was transferred to Senegal and became Governor of the Colony. The work he achieved as Governor constitutes his most enduring monument, in fact he was the very architect of the foundation of the Colony Senegal.
He undertook to pacify the country, stemmed the Toucouleurs east of upper Senegal (1855-1863), drove back the Moors to the North and annexed the Wolof country (treaty in May 1858). The annexation of Cayor (1861-1865) made it possible to clear the road linking up Saint-Louis to the Cap-Vert Peninsula. He took interest in local dialects, customs, and undertook the economic development of the colony.
When he resigned his post the country was prosperous. In 1870 he was appointed commander-in-chief of the Army of the North (45,000 soldiers) (France was at war against Germany). Later he was elected to the National Assembly as a representative from the "département du Nord". In 1879 he was elected a Senator and opposed the Boulangist movement. In 1880 he was made Chancellor of the Order of the Légion d'Honneur. He died in Paris in 1889.
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